An investigation of relationship between global economic sanction and life expectancy: do financial and institutional system matter?

This article examines the impact of cross-border economic sanctions (CES) on quality national health – proxied by life expectancy. Structural gravity models are employed for a sample 148 sanctioned countries (108 developing and 40 developed countries) during 1995–2018 period. We consider various forms sanction, including arms, military, trade, finance travel. The results reveal that imposition sanctions, especially arm, financial, travel other has significant negative effect targeted countries. effects largely heterogeneous across in terms their development. Furthermore, financial market development institutional critically affect relationship between CES health. Particularly, more markets, higher degree openness central bank independence, as well quality, help alleviate consequences These empirical findings expected to provide insightful lessons economists policymakers facing risk degradation.